{"id":3867,"date":"2018-02-11T16:28:04","date_gmt":"2018-02-11T16:28:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tortosaturisme-preprod.incubaliadev.com\/en\/la-petjada-de-les-cultures\/"},"modified":"2020-07-29T09:11:58","modified_gmt":"2020-07-29T09:11:58","slug":"traces-of-past-cultures","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/en\/traces-of-past-cultures\/","title":{"rendered":"Traces of past cultures"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vc-incubalia-big-header\"><h1 class=\"vc-incubalia-big-header__title\">Traces of past cultures<\/h1><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-big-header__mobile-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/1-petjada-mb.jpg\">\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-big-header__desktop-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/1-petjada-ds.jpg\"><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-1-column-subtitle\"><h3 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-1-column-subtitle__subtitle\">The most ancient archaeological materials of settlements that have survived intact in the ground under Tortosa date back to the 6th Century BC. This helps us to identify from what age there have been permanent settlements on the site where the city stands.<\/h3><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-1-column-subtitle__text\"><\/p><br \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Hibera<\/strong>, a town mentioned by ancient geographers probably coincides with the location laying beneath the current city\u2019s streets. The urban features of the Iberian period in the River Ebro region seem to confirm this: hills overlooking the surrounding land, being easier to defend it, as well as the site\u2019s proximity to waterways for transit and trade.<\/p><br \/>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/2-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/2-petjada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">Greeks and Phoenicians<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">The river and its nearby mouth in ancient times had an impact on the establishment of trade links with people from around the Mediterranean, <strong>Greeks and Phoenicians<\/strong>, while the river also provided a route to penetrate inland and trade with other settlements further from the coast.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/3-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/3-petjada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">Romans<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">The River Ebro was established as a physical border between the Romans and Carthaginians by the Ebro Treaty of 226 BC. When the Romans conquered Hispania, they noticed the site\u2019s strategic location and they founded <strong>Dertosa<\/strong>, settling on the hill of Tur\u00f3 de la Suda and the surrounding area. The Via Augusta Roman road crosses the River Ebro in our city.<\/p><br \/>\n<p>It was the <strong>Romans<\/strong> that gave the city its actual urban structure. It is highly likely that, during this period, <strong>the presence of a Jewish population<\/strong> in Tortosa was already evident, which would remain in varying degrees right up to the present day.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/4-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/4-petjada-ds.bo_.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">Visigoths<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">During <strong>the age of the Visigoths<\/strong>, the region was constituted as a diocese. Recent excavations in front of the modern-day Cathedral have revealed remains of the Roman wall and what appears to be the first Visigoth settlement.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/5-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/5-petjada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">The Muslim Conquest<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">The<strong> muslim domination<\/strong>, which lasted for more than four centuries, left an unmistakable and indelible mark on the city\u2019s urban and commercial development. As a border town,<strong> Turt\u00fbxa<\/strong>, as it was called, was also a key site in the cultural sphere. From this period it emphasizes the Arab jurist <strong>Abu-Bakr at-Turtuix\u00ed<\/strong> and the poet and Jewish grammarian <strong>Menahem ben Saruq.<\/strong><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/6-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/6-petjada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">The christian conquest<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">When the city was conquered by <strong>Ramon Berenguer IV<\/strong> and his Christian allies in <strong>1148<\/strong> from the Muslims who had dominated it since the 8th Century, the Saracen community was allowed to stay in the city, just like the Jewish community that had settled in Tortosa during the Roman period.<\/p><br \/>\n<p><strong>The Christian, Muslim and Jewish cultures lived alongside each other in Tortosa<\/strong> and this cultural blend has characterized the city for centuries, with the heritage from these groups still very visible in the city to this day.<\/p><br \/>\n<p>To regulate and distribute these populations and to allocate them land and resources, the two communities were granted security or franchise charters, as they were known. These charters displayed respect and tolerance, recognizing the right to practise their own religion, conserving each community\u2019s legal system, and other guarantees and privileges. However, they had to live in separate neighbourhoods outside the city walls (in the Aljama region). The dominant Christian community settled in the <strong>old town<\/strong>, with the Moorish community on the other side of the <strong>Carrer de la Cortadura<\/strong> and the Jewish community in the <strong>walled dockyard<\/strong> further north. The newly arrived Christians granted them a settlement charter.<\/p><br \/>\n<p>The three communities lived alongside each other in the city of Tortosa and the surrounding area <strong>relatively peacefully<\/strong> for centuries.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/7-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/7-petjada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">The Royal Colleges<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">Without a doubt, one of the architectural highlights of the city, which is not to be missed, is the complex of the <strong>Reials Col\u00b7legis de Tortosa (Royal Colleges of Tortosa)<\/strong>, which date back to the 16th Century, and are a demonstration of <strong>the city\u2019s splendour during the Renaissance period<\/strong>.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/8-pejada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/8-pejada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">Crossroads of regions<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">Tortosa has been <strong>a key site in situations of conflict<\/strong>, as well as benefiting from trade thanks to its location <strong>with people from elsewhere<\/strong>, especially from Aragon and Valencia, but also with Franks, Occitans and even British colonies.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/9-petjada-mb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__image-desktop\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/9-petjada-ds.jpg\"><i class=\"arrow-down\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text-container\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__subtitle\">The Museum of Tortosa<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-text-image-full__text\">The <strong>Museum of Tortosa<\/strong> displays a good selection of the remains and heritage of the Iberian, Roman and Visigoth periods in the city. <strong>The Roman funeral stele<\/strong>, commissioned by a widow for her husband who had never returned from a sea voyage, is one of the Museum\u2019s key exhibits.<\/p><br \/>\n<p>From the <strong>Islamic age<\/strong>, the Museum also displays several works of pottery, as well as the founding stone of the dockyards in the 10th Century, which can be seen in the Tortosa Cathedral\u2019s permanent exhibition. There is a copy on the side wall of the Cathedral grounds, next to the Pla\u00e7a de l\u2019Absis.<\/p><br \/>\n<p>From the Christian era, the most representative exhibits are the <strong>settlement charter of 1149<\/strong> and <strong>the famous \u2018Llibre de Costums de Tortosa\u2019 (Book of Customs of Tortosa)<\/strong>.<\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__title\">The voices of the past<\/h2><h3 class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__subtitle\">Follow their legacy<\/h3><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card card-1 has-url\"><a href=\"\/en\/ruta\/renaissance-tour\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-mobile-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-ciutat-art-1-640x460.jpg\">\n                      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-desktop-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-ciutat-art-1.jpg\"><\/a><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-text-container\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-title\">Renaissance tour<\/p><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-subtitle\">From the Royal Colleges to the cathedral, go through the remains of the splendor of the s. XVI<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url-container\"><span class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url\">Read more<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card card-2 has-url\"><a href=\"\/en\/ruta\/the-jewish-quartier\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-mobile-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-ruta-call-640x460.jpg\">\n                      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-desktop-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-ruta-call-640x460.jpg\"><\/a><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-text-container\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-title\">Route of the Jewish Quarter<\/p><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-subtitle\">The legacy of the Jewish presence is perceived in the labyrinthine Call<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url-container\"><span class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url\">Read more<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-3-and-4-container\"><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card card-3 has-url\"><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/museum-of-tortosa-history-and-archeology-of-the-terres-de-lebre-region\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-mobile-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-museu-640x460.jpg\">\n                      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-desktop-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-museu-640x460.jpg\"><\/a><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-text-container\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-title\">The Museum of Tortosa<\/p><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-subtitle\">A valuable collection to rebuild the city's past<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url-container\"><span class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url\">Read more<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card card-4 has-url\"><a href=\"\/en\/experiencies\/?experience-type=visites-guiades-en&list-view=cards\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-mobile-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/B-1280-visites-guiades-1-640x460.jpg\">\n                      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-desktop-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/B-1280-visites-guiades-640x460.jpg\"><\/a><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-text-container\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-title\">Guided tours<\/p><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-subtitle\">Get to know the city with the best guides<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url-container\"><span class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url\">Read more<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card card-5 has-url\"><a href=\"\/en\/experiencies\/?experience-type=visites-caracteritzades-en&list-view=cards\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-mobile-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-jueva-2-640x460.jpg\">\n                      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-desktop-picture\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-1280-jueva-2-640x449.jpg\"><\/a><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-text-container\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-title\">Character-led tours<\/p><p class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-subtitle\">By the hand of the protagonists of the facts<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url-container\"><span class=\"vc-incubalia-5-cards__card-url\">Read more<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images\"><h2 class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__title\">The historical legacy<\/h2><div class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image\"><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/la-suda-or-saint-john-castle\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-800-castell.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/la-suda-or-saint-john-castle\/\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image-title\">The castle of the Suda<\/p><\/a><p class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image-subtitle\">Always guarding, from time immemorial, the city has been defended. It is the best viewpoint in the Ebro valley on the way to Tortosa<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image\"><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/the-cathedral-and-the-permanent-exhibition\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-800-catedral.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/the-cathedral-and-the-permanent-exhibition\/\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image-title\">The Cathedral<\/p><\/a><p class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image-subtitle\">The most significant building, a work of art inside and out that is a true handbook of art<\/p><\/div><div class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image\"><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/the-royal-colleges-and-the-permanent-exhibition-about-the-city-and-the-renaissance-festival\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tortosaturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/b-800-reials-col-legis.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/a><a href=\"\/en\/lugar\/the-royal-colleges-and-the-permanent-exhibition-about-the-city-and-the-renaissance-festival\/\"><p class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image-title\">The Royal Colleges<\/p><\/a><p class=\"vc-incubalia-3-images__image-subtitle\">The jewel of the Renaissance, is a unique architectural set in Catalonia<\/p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3867","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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